Most modern forms of transportation are powered by fossil fuels. carbon dioxide, methane, carbon monoxide, and other gases are released into the atmosphere during the production and combustion of these fuels. how might these gases cause climatic changes? these gases have no effect on atmospheric temperatures, so they are unable to cause any type of climatic changes. these gases cause more water vapor to condense, making climates wetter than they were in the past. these gases reduce the amount of thermal energy escaping into space, effectively warming the atmosphere.

During crossing-over, a. genetic material is exchanged between nonsister chromatids, resulting in new combinations of alleles. b. nonsister chromatids from each homologous chromosome of a tetrad are exchanged, resulting in new combinations of alleles. c. one homologous chromosome of a tetrad is exchanged with another tetrad, resulting in new combinations of alleles. d. sister chromatids from each homologous chromosome of a tetrad are exchanged, resulting in new combinations of alleles. e. genetic material is exchanged between sister chromatids, resulting in new combinations of alleles.