If the bacteria
e. coli synthesizes dna at a rate of 100,000 nucleotides per minute and it takes 30 minutes to replicate the dna, how many base pairs are in the
e. coli chromosome?

the answer is; comparing the frequency of collisions with and without the device

this makes the anti-collision system an independent variable and the collisions a dependent variable. if there are fewer collisions with an anti-collision system that without, then it can be stated that the system is a success. essentially, collisions under an anti-collision system are compared with the frequency of collisions by cars with the human drivers.