(purple smooth = 75, white smooth = 28, purple wrinkled = 24, white wrinkled = 8)

account for the difference between the expected and experimental values.

This is a dihybrid cross typical of peas, that means there are two traits to take into account: flower color (purple - white) and seed texture (smooth - wrinkled) where purple and smooth are dominant traits over white and wrinkled.

In this cases the offspring ratio expected is 9:3:3:1 (9+3+3+1=16)

9 out of 16 are purple smooth

3/16 are purple wrinkled

3/16 are White smooth

1/16 are White wrinkled

The total offspring is 75+28+24+8 =135

The values expected are

Purple smooth: 135 * (9/16) = 75,93

Purple wrinkled or white smooth: 135 * (3/16) = 25,31

White wrinkled: 135*(1/16) = 8,43

These values are very similar to the ones obtained experimentally. With a chi-square it's possible to determine if the difference is significant or not.