How do aerobic and anaerobic respiration differ?

a) more energy is released from a glucose molecule during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.
b) anaerobic respiration but not aerobic respiration occurs in human cells.
c) anaerobic respiration requires oxygen while aerobic respiration does not.
d) anaerobic respiration evolved first; aerobic respiration evolved after photosynthetic organisms began producing oxygen.

The correct answer is option D) "Anaerobic respiration evolved first; aerobic respiration evolved after photosynthetic organisms began producing oxygen".

Explanation:

According to evolutionary studies, aerobic respiration was an adaptation that occurred after oxygen was added to the atmosphere. However, some anaerobic species were already present before the atmosphere contained oxygen. Actually, these photosynthetic organisms  contributed to the aerobic respiration adaptation by  adding oxygen to the atmosphere as byproduct of its anaerobic respiration. Therefore, aerobic and anaerobic respiration differ in that anaerobic respiration evolved first while aerobic respiration evolved after photosynthetic organisms began producing oxygen.

Aerobic and anaerobic respiration are different from each other because anaerobic respiration evolved before the aerobic respiration.

Further Explanation:

Cellular respiration is referred to as an overall collection of metabolic processes that mainly occurs in the cells. The cellular respiration is a process by which the cells of the body breakdown the food to produce energy. This energy is required for all the metabolic functions as well as the physical role of the body. Cellular respiration can be aerobic or anaerobic respiration. Some of the aerobic species were present previously in the environment before the oxygen is evolved. These species released oxygen in the environment as a by-product of their anaerobic respiration. Mainly autotrophic organisms obtain their food through photosynthesis and release oxygen. They helped in the adaptation of the environment for oxygen. Anaerobic respiration evolved prior to aerobic respiration.

The anaerobic reaction allows the breaks down of glucose and provides energy without consuming oxygen, while aerobic respiration allows the metabolism of the glucose in the availability of the oxygen and yield energy.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Biology

Topic: Respiration

Keywords:

Aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, glucose, energy, oxygen, evolution, cellular respiration, species, adaptation, evolutionary studies, atmosphere, breakdown.