During coupled transport, Multiple select question. energy from carrier proteins is used to create a concentration gradient. energy released as one substance moves down its concentration gradient is used to move another substance up its concentration gradient. energy from ATP is used to create a concentration gradient. energy released as one substance moves up its concentration gradient is used to move another substance down its concentration gradient.

Keeping in mind the life cycle of bacteriophages, consider the following problem: during the reproductive cycle of a temperate bacteriophage, the viral dna inserts into the bacterial chromosome where the resultant prophage behaves much like a trojan horse. it can remain quiescent, or it can become lytic and initiate a burst of progeny viruses. several operons maintain the prophage state by interacting with a repressor that keeps the lytic cycle in check. insults (ultraviolet light, for example) to the bacterial cell lead to a partial breakdown of the repressor, which in turn causes the production of enzymes involved in the lytic cycle. as stated in this simple form, would you consider this system of regulation to be operating under positive or negative control?

The “ecological footprint” left by a citizen of a developed nation is about four times larger than that left by a citizen of a developing nation. why is this the case?

What do transitional fossils best support?