Explain the consequences of altering a DNA base in the genome of an organism.

Can be negative, neutral or positive change.

Explanation:

A negative change can result in diseases such as sickle cell anemia. This is because the amino acid that codon will code for changes.

A neutral change can result if the codon codes for the same amino acid as the original one.

A positive change can result if the new codon can express a beneficial phenotipic change. Something like having the body surviving on decreased amount of water or increased amounts of sodium is beneficial for organisms living near the equator.