4) The molecules that make up organisms seem to obey the same laws of chemistry and physics as all other molecules. How do these molecules fold into complex 3D shapes and self assemble into complex arrangements as is required for living things? In your answer focus on the two most important intermolecular forces. 5) Explain what is meant by hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules. Which type would you expect to find more of in living cells and why?

Mouse liver cells were homogenized and the homogenate subjected to equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation with sucrose gradients. fractions obtained from these gradients were assayed for marker molecules (i.e., molecules that are limited to specific organelles). the results of these assays are shown in the figure. the marker molecules have the following functions: cytochrome oxidase is an enzyme involved in the process by which atp is formed in the complete aerobic degradation of glucose or fatty acids; ribosomal rna forms part of the protein-synthesizing ribosomes; catalase catalyzes decomposition of hydrogen peroxide; acid phosphatase hydrolysis monophosphoric esters at acid ph; cytidylyltransferase is involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; and amino acid permease aids in transport of amino acids across membranes. a) name the marker molecule and give the number of the fraction that is most enriched for each of the following cell components: lysosomes; peroxisomes; mitochondria; plasma membrane; rough endoplasmic reticulum; smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Of your good in bio kusing a series of preliminary observations; pstate a problem developed from these observations, formulate a hypothesis, design an experiment to test the hypothesis

What is the main function of the central vacuole in a plant cell? a. absorbs energy from the sun to produce food b. holds water and maintains turgor pressure c. breaks down molecules to release energy d. contains the cell's genetic material