The pH is a measure of the concentration of the hydrogen ion (H+) in water. Highly acidic water has a very high H+ concentration, while basic water has very low H+ concentrations. The pH scale is a logarithmic scale, such that a difference of one pH unit means a 10-fold difference in H+ concentration. The mathematical relationship between pH and H+ concentration ([H+]) is pH = –log [H+] OR [H+] = 10-pH where [H+] is in moles per liter.

Use a scientific calculator to calculate [H+] for the following pH values:

7 (a neutral solution)

5.6 (unpolluted rainwater)

3.7 (first acid rain sample in North America)

How many times higher is the concentration of H+ in the Hubbard Brook sample than in unpolluted rainwater?

The construction of phylogenetic trees is a mapping out the proposed divisions and common ancestors of all living species. traditionally, these trees have been built using morphological data, such as appearance and embryology. recently, it has been possible to construct these trees using molecular data. phylogenetic trees based on different types of information agree with each: that there is strong evidence of a real underlying common descent. this phylogenic tree is composed based on molecular data (rrna). what statements can we infer are true about the organisms throughout the tree? because the tree is rooted, all branches share a common ancestor. all organisms have some sort of cellular structure/organization. all eukaryotes evolved from bacteria. since the organisms contain rna, they share the same dna. if the organisms contain rna, the share the same four nitrogen bases.

Me plz he did not infringe upon the policy making powers that he felt the constitution gave congress. but the determination of foreign policy became preponderantly a presidential concern. when the french revolution led to a major war between france and england, washington refused to accept entirely the recommendations of either his secretary of state thomas jefferson, who was pro-french, or his secretary of the treasury alexander hamilton, who was pro-british. rather, he insisted upon a neutral course until the united states could grow stronger. which provides the best objective summary of this excerpt? president washington made a good choice when he decided not to accept the recommendations of his advisors and instead insisted that the united states stay neutral during the war between france and england as president, washington believed that the united states should remain neutral in foreign policy even though he had advisors who recommended that he take sides during the war between france and england. washington did not make policy decisions during his presidency because he did not want to interfere with the policy-making powers that the constitution gave congress. washington refused to accept entirely the recommendations of either his secretary of state thomas jefferson, who was pro-french, or his secretary of the treasury alexander hamilton, who was pro-britis

Pink fur (p) is dominant to purple fur (p) in hamsters. two heterozygous pink hamsters are crossed. what is the probability that these two parents will have an offspring with purple fur? 2/4, 1/2 or 50% 1/4 or 25% 3/4 or 75% 4/4 or 100% there is no chance for this type of offspring