How is a underwater cave most likely formed

Waves crashing against the base of a cliff can sometimes form a sea cave. Sea caves form along a crack in a rock or an area where the rock is softer. Because the abrasive action of waves is concentrated at the base of the cliff, an overhang forms. ... They are less commonly formed in harder rock such as granite.

Most caves are formed in limestone rock. Calcite (calcium carbonate) is the main mineral of limestone. ... This acidic water slowly dissolves the calcite, and carves tunnels and cavities. The resulting network of passages become fully submerged or underwater caves in the limestone rock.

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affects the water bodies: excessive use of fertilizers causes eutrophication. the fertilizers which are used on plants affect the quality of land on which it is used, further causing erosion of soil. the fertilizers used on plants contain harmful chemical fumes which affect the environment.