The process of taking gaseous carbon dioxide or oxygen by leaves is termed​

Respiration in leaves

Oxygen gets diffused in stomata and reaches other cells of the leaves. The carbon dioxide produced in the process of respiration also gets diffused with stomata and moves out of the leaves. Also, respiration in leaves takes places at both day and night time

photosynthesis

as in the process of photosynthesis plants take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.

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characterization of nanoparticles is a critical step in nanomaterial production as it provides information of dimension, morphology, surface charge, distribution and degree of surface functionalization.