What is an animal without a backbone called?

What is the compliment dna strand to the following sequence: ttgactaggcta

Molecules like glucose and amino acids are not lipid soluble, so cannot cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion. instead, they are shuttled across by carrier proteins in the membrane from high to low concentration. does this process require energy from the cell? this is an example of what type of molecular movement?

Which of the following is the smallest unit that would contain a complete copy of the entire human genome? a) one human somatic cell b) one human chromosome c) all of the dna of one human d) one human gene