Which of the following is consistent with the theory of vitalism?
all matter contains a vital force.
the chemistry of life and nonlife are similar.
living things contain a vital force absent in nonliving things.
life must be sustained through a series of chemical reactions.

2. which of the following represents the correct order of events?
the element oxygen was discovered,
urea was synthesized,
proteins were crystallized, t
he structure of dna was discovered

1. Option C

2.

The correct  order is

Explanation:

1. Option C

As per the theory of vitalism, there exists a vital force with in a living substance/molecule which is lacking in a non living thing and hence an organic molecule/substance that are found is living organism cannot be produced by inorganic molecule/substance, rather they can be produced by living things only

2.

Oxygen was discovered in year 1772 by Joseph Priestley. Urea was first synthesized in year 1773 by H.M. Rouelle. Friedrich Ludwig Hünefeld was the first to cyrstallize protein for the first time in history in year 1840. And structure of DNA was first identified in year 1953 by Francis Crick and James Watson.

Thus the correct  order is

genetic variation can be caused by mutation (which can create entirely new alleles in a population), random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis (which reshuffles alleles within an organism's offspring).