The maturations of a cell for a specific function is known as

The correct answer for the blank is-  Differentiation.

Differentiation can be described as a process of development that changes a cell from undifferentiated state ( where cell does not serve any specific function) to a specialized state (also called differentiated state), which serves a specific function to the cell.

For example- formation of blood cells ( erythropoiesis) from hematopoietic stem cells.

multiple allele inheritance is traits controlled by more than 2 alleles (ex: pigeons having 3 alleles of one gene govern their feather color).   so the answer is a.