In this assignment, you and your partners will design a plan for how a city can use a piece of land. You will begin by conducting Internet research on soil erosion. The information you collect should be recorded in the table provided on your Student Guide Worksheet. Then, you will read about a fictional city and how it would like to develop a piece of land. The city wants to use the land wisely so they can maintain the soil and increase biodiversity. Your background research on soil erosion will help you learn why soils are valuable, what human activities increase soil erosion, and what things can be done to sustain soils. With your partners, you will brainstorm a list of possible ways the city can develop this land. You will then evaluate each way based on how it will affect the environment, how much money is needed to develop the land and how the developed land will benefit the citizens of the city. Finally, you will create a presentation summarizing your ideas and present your design plan to the class.

from almost the creation of the first true maps of the earth, people started seeing how continents would be able to fit together.   in particular, people noticed that south america fits almost exactly into africa.

you should be aware that while world maps were around early in the 1600’s and better defined by the end of the 1700’s, those maps were not ‘public’ but were treated as state secrets.   and so it was not till much later that the broader ‘science’ community had access to good quality and accurate world maps.

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it is now known that most of the major continental masses can be fit together in a jigsaw process.   in fact we now know that the continents were indeed once all joined together as one land mass – the supercontinent of pangaea.

if you look at most world maps you will ponder how this is evidence, as the continents really don’t appear to ‘fit’ together very well.   what you need to understand is that the vast majority of maps are drawn using a map projection that has the north and south poles (which are points) are a line the width of the map at the top and bottom.   this means that the map distorts the true shape of the earth’s land and oceans as you love closer to the poles.     some other map projections distort less, but have the map shape looking like segments of an orange.   see here for a range of map projections.   check out the way greenland changes size in each!

what is more remarkable, is the next piece of evidence when added to the shape of continents.

location of mountains and fossils

what is remarkable, when you reassemble all the continents together, the ancient mountain ranges (many now eroded to their cores) and the location of rock types and fossils all match up.

it enhances antibody production by t cells of the adaptive immune system.

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