A male and a female are both heterozygous for a particular trait. Which of the following represents the expected ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes in the offspring?

The given question is incomplete as it lack the options, however, answer can be given by the provided information.

The correct answer is - 3:1 ratio.

Explanation:

In the question it is given that both male and female both are heterozygous for the trait, let assume dominant allele A and recessive allele a so the the gene for the both male and female is Aa.

Punnett square for the cross between both:

gametes: A, a and A, a.

A a

A AA Aa

a Aa aa

here two out of four are heterozygous dominant and one is dominant and one is recessive.

thus, 3 out of 4 are dominant and one out 4 are recessive.

thus, the answer is 3:1 ratio

passive transport is a movement of biochemicals and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes without need of energy input. unlike active transport, it does not require an input of cellular energy because it is instead driven by the tendency of the system to grow in entropy.

so, according to what that says, i believe it's hypertonic and hypotonic.

good luck!