Fill-In The Blank: Replication, RNA, and Transcription DNA Structure Word Bank: You can use a term more than once.
Backbone DNA ligase cytosine deoxyribose DNA DNA polymerase
double helix hydrogen helicase nitrogenous base nucleotides 5’ to 3’ Okasaki fragments protein parent strands purines making proteins
3’ to 5’ pyrimidines ribose RNA 2 identical
single strand storing thymine uracil lagging strand
leading strand nucleus cytoplasm mRNA RNA Polymerase

DNA must replicate as part of cell division. The enzyme that causes DNA to unwind is called (1) helicase. It breaks the hydrogen bonds between the complementary nitrogenous base pairs, separating the double helix into two _(2). Each of these parent strands serves as a template for new DNA. The enzyme that connects complementary bases of free nucleotides is called (3). The new complementary strands are made in the (4)direction. Thus, the parent strand is read in the (5) direction. The (6) is made in one continuous strand and follows in the same direction as helicase. The (7) is created in pieces, called (8) . To connect these pieces, (9) is used to insert the missing nucleotides. The end result is (10) copies of the original DNA molecule. This entire process takes place in the (11) .
Ribose nucleic acid, (12) for short, is composed of the same subunits as DNA, except that the thymine bases are replaced with (13) bases and the sugar backbone is composed of a (14) sugar. RNA forms a (15) structure. While DNA is responsible for (16) the genetic code, RNA uses the genetic code for _(17).
The process of transcription occurs in the _(18). The purpose of this process is to copy a specific code in the DNA (called a gene) into (19). Transcription begins when an enzyme called (20) opens DNA and reads the DNA in a (21) direction. As it does so, it creates an mRNA strand in the (22) direction. When this process is completed, mRNA will eventually leave the (23). mRNA will carry the DNA code on how to make a specific (24) .