If you have normal Leopard Geckos (genotype: LL) and you found the patternless Leopard Gecko (genotype: II) in the wild for the very first time,
and you wanted to produce this phenotype in captivity to introduce it to
the pet trade, what crosses would you need to do in order to produce a
phenotypic patternless in captivity for the first time?

Color blindness is a recessive trait. the gene for color blindness is on the x chromosome. the family tree below shows the trait of color blindness. the only unknown is the mother in the first generation

To answer this question, researchers studied populations of the dusky salamander (desmognathus ochrophaeus) living on different mountain ranges in the southern appalachian mountains. the researchers tested the reproductive isolation of pairs of salamander populations by leaving one male and one female together and later checking the females for the presence of sperm. four mating combinations were tested for each pair of populations (a and b)—two within the same population (female a with male a and female b with male b) and two between populations (female a with male b and female b with male a). the proportion of successful matings for each mating combination was measured. for example, when all the matings of a particular combination were successful, the researchers gave it a value of 1; when none of the matings were successful, they gave it a value of 0. then the researchers calculated an index of reproductive isolation that ranged from 0 (no isolation) to 2 (full isolation). the reproductive isolation value for two populations is the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type within populations (aa + bb) minus the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type between populations (ab + ba). the table provides data for the geographic distances and reproductive isolation values for 27 pairs of dusky salamander populations.

Asap indicate the coat color and the proportion of offspring with that color for each of the following crosses of rabbits. assume all are homozygous. alleles: a=agouti, c=chinchilla, a=albino, a is dominant over c and a, c is dominant over a agouti x chinchilla a) 1/2 chinchilla, 1/2 agouti b) 3/4 chinchilla, 1/4 agouti c) all agouti