Two students were discussing inheritance in science class. Both students knew that genes and chromosomes had something to do with human inheritance. The students came up with four explanations of what genes do in the process of inheritance. Which is the best explanation of what genes do? Genes make chromosomes and chromosomes make up our organs, which give us the traits we inherit. Genes directly cause physical changes to our chromosomes; then the chromosomes produce our traits. Genes directly cause physical changes on our cells’ nuclei. The nuclei then produce our traits. Genes are part of chromosomes and genes provide the instructions to cells on how to make our traits.