Describe the process of respiration which takes place in human beings whe oxygen is not available and give an effect.
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The process in which respiration takes place without oxygen is called as anaerobic respiration.

Aerobic respiration In anaerobic respiration the energy produced is very low as compared to aerobic respiration The organisms which use this type of respiration process are fungi, yeast In this process, (in yeast) glucose broke down into pyruvate and gives ethanol , carbon dioxide and energy In human muscle cells when there is a lack of oxygen this process occurs in which lactic acid and energy are produced.More to know -

Pyruvate is three carbon -molecule.

The build up of lactic acid causes cramps in muscles.

That is true tge cactus as a structural adaptation to its envirinment has it leaves reduced to spines. but this doesnt mean it cant produce food it produces food because of the presence of chlorophyll in its stem