HELP ME BEFORE MY DAD HURTS ME I WILL GIVE 30 POINTS AND ADD 30 MORE LATER AND GIVE BRAINILEST IF ITS THE ANSWER IM LOOKING FOR HURRY EXPERIMENT: TISSUE STRUCTURE Use the microscope. These supplies and equipment are needed: microscope prepared slide of muscle tissue prepared slide of some internal organ such as the kidney, liver, or heart prepared slide of erythrocytes, or leukocytes (from blood) Follow these directions and complete the activities. 1. Place one of the prepared slides of animal tissue on the stage of the microscope. 2. Focus the microscope on low power. Then change to the high power objective. Focus on the tissue, and note the cells. 3. On a separate sheet of paper, draw an individual cell that you see in the tissue. Note the shape of the cell and its other distinctive characteristics. What do you think the function of this cell might be? 4. Repeat Steps 1 and 2 using the other prepared slides. 5. On a separate sheet of paper, draw individual cells from the other prepared slides examined. What do you think the functions of the other cells drawn might be? If all of the different kinds of cells which you observed had been taken from the same organism or individual, would they have all had the same genetic information? Consider specialization: What biological concept or occurrence is demonstrated by the different kinds of cells which were observed? Why is it important?

Explanation: Tissues are composed of similar types of cells that work in a coordinated fashion to perform a common task, and the study of the tissue level of biological organization is histology. Four basic types of tissues are found in animals.

Epithelium is a type of tissue whose main function is to cover and protect body surfaces but can also form ducts and glands or be specialized for secretion, excretion, absorption and lubrication.

Epithelial tissues are classified according to the number of cell layers that make up the tissue and the shape of the cells. Simple epithelium is composed of a single layer of cells while stratified epithelium contains several layers.

Epithelial sells can be flat (squamous = "scale-like"), cube-shaped (cuboidal) or tall (columnar). So, to correctly identify the type of tissue requires three words (e.g., simple columnar epithelium, stratified, squamous epithelium, etc. Connective tissue performs such diverse functions as binding, support, protection, insulation and transport. Despite their diversity, all connective tissues are comprised of living cells embedded in a non-living cellular matrix consisting of extracellular fibers or some type of ground substance. Thus, what distinguishes the different connective tissues is the type of matrix. Examples of connective tissue would include bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, loose connective tissue, adipose (fat) tissue, and even blood (although some authorities would classify blood as a vascular tissue).

Muscle tissue is specialized for contraction. There are three kinds of muscle tissue:

Smooth muscle (designed for slow, sustained, involuntary contractions) is made up of spindle-shaped cells with one nucleus per cell.

Skeletal, or striated muscle, which is associated with voluntary contractions, contains cylindrical cells with many nuclei per cell arranged in bundles.

Cardiac (heart) muscle is striated like skeletal muscle, but each cell contains only one nucleus.

Nervous tissue  is specialized for the reception of stimuli and conduction of nerve impulses. The tissue is composed of nerve cells (neurons), each of which is made up of a cell body and cell processes that carry impulses toward (dendrites) or away from (axons) the cell body.   In the following pages of this lab unit, you will have an opportunity to examine a few (of the many) types of animal tissue.

In terms of understanding the workings of the multicellular animal body, however, you should realize that tissues are but one of many connected levels of biological organization. Tissues rarely work alone but instead, they are grouped into organs.  Organs are combined to form organ systems (e.g., the circulatory system, nervous system, skeletal system, muscular system, excretory system, reproductive system, etc.) that function as an integrated unit called an organism.

In subsequent units of the Zoo Lab website, you will be introduced to the diversity of animal life that results from the interaction of all of these key components

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