Does a change in base always create a mutation?

Waianapanapa beach in hawaii is a black-sand beach that was formed by waves crashing against volcanic rock. the sand can be very hot on sunny days. which statement best explains why? o a. the black sand has no heat capacity. b. the black sand absorbs no radiation. o c. the black sand is immune to insolation. d. the black sand has a low albedo.

2. does the given statement describe a step in the transformation of the graph off(x) = x2 that would result in the graph of g(x) = -5x + 2)? a. the parent function is reflected across the x-axis. o yes nob. the parent function is stretched by a factor of 5. yes noonc. the parent function is translated 2 units up.o yes

According to theories of how life began, how did early organic molecules begin to separate from the outside world? a: specialized enzymes were required b: chains of amino acids created a barrier c: formation of microspheres or vesicles d: rna catalyzed the formation of membranes