Digestive System Modified Digestive System A group of organs working together to turn food into , which the body uses for energy, , and cell repair. Mouth The of the digestive tract. starts with your first . breaks the food into pieces. (mechanical change) secrete , mixes with food to begin the process of breaking it down ( change) Throat or Pharynx The passage that leads from the cavities of the and to the larynx and esophagus. Both and air passes through here, so it’s part of the and systems. Esophagus Muscular tube connecting the to the . Secretes Moves from the throat to the stomach using muscle movement (peristalsis). Stomach muscular sac-like organ that stores food and grinds and mixes it into a . About the size of two next to each other. Contains acid and digestive that continue the digestion of . in the stomach kills bacteria Small intestine Long tube about in diameter and long Lining of walls have finger-like projections called . To increase surface area for absorption. - designed for cutting and grinding food into smaller pieces. - helps to push food toward the back part of the mouth for are absorbed into the bloodstream through the small walls. Leftover continues through to the intestine. - moistens food and begins digestion and also Large Intestine () Long, thick tube about in diameter and about long. food as it passes through the mouth, throat and esophagus. - produces bile and secretes it into the small Absorbs and the small intestines don’t absorb. Processes so that defecation ( of waste) is - stores and recycles excess bile from the small easy and convenient. Rectum - secretes digestive enzymes into the small The final function of the system. Receives from the colon. Lets the person know stool needs to be . Holds stool until evacuations happens. Accessory Organs Not part of the path of food, but play a critical role in digestion. swallowing. intestine to aid digestion. intestine so that it can be reused for digestion in later meals. intestine to complete the chemical digestion of food. Diseases of the Digestive System occurs when stomach acid get into the esophagus. sensitivity to gluten, which damages your villi. autoimmune disease that affects the end of the small intestine. inflammatory bowel disease (IBF) affects the large intestines. small pouches form where there are weak spots in the lining of the colon. inflammation of the blood vessels at the end of the digestive tract.