How are osmosis and diffusion related? Define concentration gradient.

Draw the concentration gradient you created to make oxygen molecules diffuse into a cell.
Outside cell - 30
Inside cell - 0

Through what protein can water cross the cell membrane?

How is free water different from solute bound water (the key concept)?

What happens to the amount of free water when you add salt to water?

As the concentration of solute increases, the amount of free water because some of the water is bound to solute.

Water will ALWAYS move from where there is MORE free water to where there is LESS free water until equilibrium is reached.

Key concept: If one side of the membrane has a higher concentration of solute, it will have a lower concentration of water. This is a hypertonic solution.

Key concept: If one side of the membrane has a lower concentration of solute, it will have a higher concentration of water. This is called a hypotonic solution.

Key concept: If both sides of the membrane have an equal concentration of solute, this is called an isotonic solution.
Outside Inside

More solute on the outside Less solute in the inside
Less free water on the outside, More free water on the inside.
Which way will water move? (in to cell, out of cell, both)

solute on the outside solute in the inside
free water on the outside, free water on the inside.
Which way will water move? (in to cell, out of cell, both)

solute on the outside solute in the inside
free water on the outside, free water on the inside.
Which way will water move? (in to cell, out of cell, both)

What happens to red blood cells in a hypertonic solution?

What happens to red blood cells in an isotonic solution?

What happens to red blood cells in a hypotonic solution?

The brain tissue is and the blood is .

Water will move .

How will the increased flow of water into the brain affect pressure in the brain?

How does a change in pressure affect the firing rate of neurons and what can this cause?