Energy is released to be used by a cell when a phosphate group is
removed from adp to form atp
added to adp to form atp
removed from atp to form adp
added to atp to form adp

Dna is colied into chromosomes in a cell

Mouse liver cells were homogenized and the homogenate subjected to equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation with sucrose gradients. fractions obtained from these gradients were assayed for marker molecules (i.e., molecules that are limited to specific organelles). the results of these assays are shown in the figure. the marker molecules have the following functions: cytochrome oxidase is an enzyme involved in the process by which atp is formed in the complete aerobic degradation of glucose or fatty acids; ribosomal rna forms part of the protein-synthesizing ribosomes; catalase catalyzes decomposition of hydrogen peroxide; acid phosphatase hydrolysis monophosphoric esters at acid ph; cytidylyltransferase is involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; and amino acid permease aids in transport of amino acids across membranes. a) name the marker molecule and give the number of the fraction that is most enriched for each of the following cell components: lysosomes; peroxisomes; mitochondria; plasma membrane; rough endoplasmic reticulum; smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Amarine ecologist has constructed the conceptual model shown in the diagram. what predictions can be made from using this model? where the tertiary consumers get their energy how often primary producers are able to reproduce when bacteria and fungi initiate the process of decomposition whether other secondary consumers are present