It is important for researchers to continue to attempt to learn exactly what environmental cues trigger coral spawning: Group of answer choices:

so that researchers can be ready to dive on those nights in order to collect and study the gametes and larvae

so that teams of volunteers can be organized to scare away all the swimming sea creatures that are attracted to the gametes and larvae as a good source of food

to allow researchers to force the corals to spawn at times that are more convenient for the researchers

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).