Write several paragraphs on the importance of marine invertebrates

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Explanation:

Marine Invertebrates

Animals that lack backbones are known as invertebrates. Over 98% of species on Earth are invertebrates that rely on other strategies than a backbone for support such as hydrostatic pressure, exoskeletons, shells, and in some, even glass spicules.

Some invertebrate phyla have only one species, while others like Arthropoda include more than 83% of all described animal species with over a million species. The most common marine invertebrates are sponges, cnidarians, marine worms, lophophorates, mollusks, arthropods, echinoderms and the hemichordates.

Marine invertebrates often serve as symbols of seashore environments. Their value is more than emblematic though, as a wide-variety of species are of significant ecological and economic importance. Many marine invertebrates are filter feeders meaning they siphon small food particles from the water column into their digestive systems. Though this type of feeding system is difficult to gauge with the naked eye, it plays an enormous role in marine ecology. As these animals filter great volumes of water and consume much of the zoo- and phytoplankton in it, they greatly shape the chemical and biotic composition of a given system. Further highlighting the importance of marine invertebrates is the fact that shellfishing is an important industry in Massachusetts. Protected Seashore salt marshes and estuaries serve as critical habitat for oysters, scallops, and clams (among many other vertebrate species). Salt marsh restoration projects initiated by the Park Service seek to expand the amount and quality of habitat available for these marine species.

Though relatively small and inconspicuous, some marine invertebrates have a dramatic effect on the composition of their environment. Research efforts have revealed that purple marsh crab (Sesarma reticulatum) herbivory in salt marshes has been linked to heavy losses of native salt marsh vegetation, specifically smooth cord grass (Spartina alterniflora) and salt marsh hay (Spartina patens). Termed "saltmarsh dieback," this insight has led to the testing of innovative ways to control crab herbivory and prevent vegetative losses.

Explanation:

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