What is the random distribution of
chromosomes during meiosis called?

When cells divide during meiosis, homologous chromosomes are randomly distributed to daughter cells, and different chromosomes segregate independently of each other. This called is called independent assortment. It results in gametes that have unique combinations of chromosomes.

Explanation:

as resources become scarce because of population growth, the growth decreases after few years due to lack of resources and food.