enzymes and substrates

1) what three conditions must be present for minerals to form through natural processes? 2) why are minerals considered inorganic substances? 3) how do oxides differ from other minerals that contain oxygen atoms? 4) how is a sulfide different from a sulfate? what makes native elements unique?

Astudy by solloch and et. al., in 2017, gives the map above which shows the frequency of alleles with a ccr5-delta32 mutations over 87 different countries. this mutation deletes the presence of a co-receptor (ccr5) on the outside of human t-cells (lymphocytes). some viruses, such as the one responsible for the black death and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), require this receptor for attachment to host cells during the infection process. the black death was an epidemic that passed over northern europe during the 14th century killing nearly 60% of europeans. according to this information, which explanation best explains why northern europeans show a greater immunity for hiv than some other parts of the world?

Which areas of earth receive the most precipitation on average? a. tropics b. temperate zones c. regions near 30? n and s latitudes d. polar zones 1