Fill in the blanks. David is a research scientist who is giving a lecture to a class of students on how life began on Earth. Help him complete the sentences.
Scientists have found (shells, stromatolites, rocks) containing fossilized cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). They show that life has been present on the Earth from early ages. Oparin and Haldane were two scientists who hypothesized that life needed reducing environments initially to appear. The ocean in the early ages was (anoxic, toxic, pyrexic) and acidic.

You have a solution that contains phospholipid vesicles in a test tube. these vesicles have phospholipid bilayers, but do not contain any membrane transporters. you add a number of different molecules to the solution, and wait a period of time for them to equilibrate. if you could measure the concentration of each molecule, for which of the following would you expect to measure equal concentrations inside and outside of the vesicles? assume for this question that the overall osmolarity inside and outside the vesicles is the same (that is, there is no appreciable diffusion of water across the membrane). (select two answers) an amino acid with a hydrophobic side-chain a small non-polar molecule a negatively charged ion a small polar molecule a small lipid hormone

Which of the following particles always has a positive charge? a. electronb. neutron c. proton d. ion

Explain the cellular functions that occur when antibiotics attack a bacteria cell. a. antibiotics target the cell wall, cell membrane, and the processes of protein and nucleic acids production in bacteria to rupture the cell. b. antibiotics create dormant resistant endospores to preserve the genetic material and rupture the cell. c. antibiotics target the cell wall and form a bridge-like connection to form conjugation. d. antibiotics use binary fission to grow twice its size, replications its dna, and split into two cells.