What happens when a keystone species is removed from an ecosystem

The keystone species are those species that plays a very important role in the functioning of an ecosystem. They are those species in which a large number of organisms are directly dependent on. These species can be both plants and animals. In the absence of this species, the ecosystem will be in disequilibrium, affecting the other organisms that exist in the ecosystem. For example, Wolf and Jaguar.

The keystone species are predators that prevents a herbivorous species from wiping out a governing species of plants. If the number of prey is low, then these keystone predators could be even less in number but still will be powerful.

Many of the scientists have divided these keystone species into 3 types. They are as follows-

(1) Predators

(2) Ecosystem engineers

(3) Mutualists

a=c and then d= c because of the band so you get ac/dc and you add them together you get sound waves

answer; ///progressive relaxation;