Why does the energy decrease as we go along the food chain from producers to tertiary consumers?

What is the difference between sex-linked traits and autosomal traits in humans? a. sex-linked traits can only be passed from fathers to sons, while autosomal traits can be passed on from both parents to offspring of any sex. b. sex-linked traits are passed on through the x and y chromosomes, while autosomal traits are passed on through the other 22 chromosomes. c. sex-linked traits only affect females, while autosomal traits affect both males and females. d. sex-linked traits refer to genes that are on the x and y chromosomes, while autosomal traits refer to genes on all 23 chromosomes.