From where (or who) do lion cubs get their chromosomes? How does this happen to produce the pattern you see in the karyotype?

From their lion parents (male and female)

Explanation:

Lions are diploid organisms (2n), which means they have two sets of chromosomes. One set of chromosome is contributed by their MALE parent while the other set is contributed by their FEMALE parent. Therefore, a lion cub (young lion) derives its chromosomes from the equal contribution of each of its parent.

A karyotype is a pictorial representation of an organism's chromosomes, showing the arrangement, shape, number etc. A lion is found to possess 38 chromosomes in its diploid cell. This means that 19 chromosomes each was contributed by both lion (male) and lioness (female). Each chromosome type from each parent forms a pair known as HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOME, which is why the lion is referred to as DIPLOID.

answer: ice crystals in air

the water from the water body or another source of water gets evaporated as water vapor as an effect of heat on water. these water vapor rises in the upper layers of the earth atmosphere under high atmospheric pressure. the atmospheric pressure of these water molecules starts to decrease due to the effect of cold air. the invisible water vapor condenses into visible water droplets and ice crystals.these ice crystals and water droplets being less denser than the surrounding air floats on air as clouds.