Study 1 - Speed Reading A group of college students were given a short course in speed-reading. The instructor was

curious if paying students would influence performance on a reading test taken at the end of the

course. During testing, students were given fifteen minutes to complete the required readings. In

confidence, half of the students were offered $ 20 for obtaining a certain level of performance on

the test. The other half of the students were not offered any incentive for performance.

What is the independent variable?

What is the dependent variable?

Which group is the control group?

What is a constant in this study?

independent variable: Amount of money ($20) offered to students

dependent variable: level of performance

control group: The group of students that were not offered any incentive

constant: same time given (15 minutes), same reading material

Explanation:

In an experiment, the independent variable is the variable that an experimenter manipulates or changes in order to effect a response. In this case the independent variable is the AMOUNT OF MONEY ($20) OFFERED TO STUDENTS

The dependent variable is the variable that responds to the changes made to the independent variable, hence, it is the measured variable. In this case, the dependent variable is the LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE

The control group in an experiment is the group that receives no experimental treatment or independent variable. In this case, the control group is the GROUP OF STUDENTS THAT WERE NOT OFFERED ANY INCENTIVE.

The constant or control variable is the variable that the experimenter keeps constant or unchanged for all the groups in order not to influence the outcome. In this experiment, the constants are SAME TIME GIVEN (15 minutes), SAME READING MATERIAL

c) 50% there are four chromosomes. after crossing over, 2 of the four have been changed. that means any gamete has a 2 in 4 chance or 50% chance of receiving the mutated chromosome.

question#1

ans:

cell is the basic unit of organization of all living things. cells are often called the building block of life and it is the smallest unit of life. the study of cell is called cell biology. cell consists of cytoplasm enclosed within membrane, which contain bio-molecules such as proteins and nucleic acid.

two third of cell is water, which means that two-third of your whole body is water. the rest is the mixture of molecules, mainly proteins, lipids and carbohydrates.

question#2

ans:

organ:

an organ is a group of tissues specialized to form a functional unit. an example is the heart in animals.

organ system:

an organ system is a group of several organs whose functions are synchronized to release an effective action in a living organism. an example is digestive system.

question#3

different systems perform different function at tissue level. for example, the respiratory system facilitates breathing. in the alveoli tissue of the lungs, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules between the air and the bloodstream occurs by passive transport, so that oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide and water are removed. different systems of the body carry out different functions. for example, your digestive system is responsible for taking in and processing food, while your respiratory system working with your circulatory system is responsible for taking up oxygen and getting rid of carbon dioxide.

question#4

different systems perform different function at tissue level. for example, the respiratory system facilitates breathing. in the alveoli tissue of the lungs, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules between the air and the bloodstream occurs by passive transport, so that oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide and water are removed. different systems of the body carry out different functions. for example, your digestive system is responsible for taking in and processing food, while your respiratory system—working with your circulatory system is responsible for taking up oxygen and getting rid of carbon dioxide.

question#5

our body works because of the interactions that happen between organs and organ systems.  

for example:  

the heart to regulate blood flow throughout the body. the blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries carbon dioxide and waste away from the cells. body systems work together in maintaining a constant internal environment. when this balance is disrupted, the body systems may not function properly, and human health can suffer.   you start to feel bad.