Suppose a human mRNA sequence is coded as GCG AUC UCC GGU CUU GGA CUG CUC. What amino acids are coded for by this sequence? How would the amino acids produced during translation differ if the species wasn’t human but the code was the same?

1. The amino acid sequence is:

Alanine-Isoleucine-Serine-Glycine-Leucine-Glycine-Leucine-Leucine

2. The amino acids will not differ because the genetic code is universal i.e. same codons specify same amino acids in almost all organisms.

Explanation:

Question 1:

Amino acids are building blocks of proteins and they are encoded by a group of three nucleotides called CODONS. Each codon, which makes up the genetic code, specifies one amino acid.

According to the genetic code, the mRNA sequence is read three nucleotide at a time to yield one amino acid. Note that more than one codon can specify an amino acid. Considering the mRNA sequence in the question:

GCG AUC UCC GGU CUU GGA CUG CUC, the amino acids encoded by the following codons are as follows:

GCG codes for Alanine (Ala)

AUC codes for Isoleucine (Ile)

UCC codes for Serine (See)

GGU codes for Glycine (Gly)

CUU codes for Leucine (leu)

GGA codes for Glycine (Gly)

CUG codes for leucine (leu)

CUC codes for leucine (leu)

Hence, the amino acid sequence from the mRNA sequence is: Alanine-Isoleucine-Serine-Glycine-Leucine-Glycine-Leucine-Leucine

Question 2:

Since the genetic code is UNIVERSAL meaning that all living organisms known make use of the same genetic code, the amino acids produced by these set of codons via translation process will not differ. The same amino acid is encoded by the same codon in all known species of organisms.

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