Osteoporosis is a disease that can cause bone weakening in women due to calcium loss. One group of patients will be taking the regular calcium pill used for treating osteoporosis. Another group of patients will be taking a new calcium pill used for treating osteoporosis. Calcium levels obtained by taking the new pill will be tested over a six month period and the women’s resulting bone mass will be compared between the two groups at the end of six months of treatment. Which is the independent variable?

Joe is breeding cockroaches in his dorm room. he finds that the average wing length in his population of cockroaches is 4 cm. he chooses the six cockroaches that have the largest wings; the average wing length among these selected cockroaches is 10 cm. joe interbreeds these selected cockroaches. from earlier studies, he knows that the narrow-sense heritability for wing length in his population of cockroaches is 0.6. a. calculate the selection differential and expected response to selection for wing length in these cockroaches. b. what should be the average wing length of the progeny of the selected cockroaches?

The dna in a cell’s nucleus encodes proteins that are eventually targeted to every membrane and compartment in the cell, as well as proteins that are targeted for secretion from the cell. for example, consider these two proteins: phosphofructokinase (pfk) is an enzyme that functions in the cytoplasm during glycolysis. insulin, a protein that regulates blood sugar levels, is secreted from specialized pancreatic cells. assume that you can track the cellular locations of these two proteins from the time that translation is complete until the proteins reach their final destinations.for each protein, identify its targeting pathway: the sequence of cellular locations in which the protein is found from when translation is complete until it reaches its final (functional) destination. (note that if an organelle is listed in a pathway, the location implied is inside the organelle, not in the membrane that surrounds the organelle.)

The picture shows a fishing technique called trawling. how might trawling affect marine biodiversity