In order for rules of probability to apply to the resuts of meiosis, it is important that during meiosis:. a. related alleles are linked to each other
b. homologous chromosomes sort independently
c. gametes receive all possible combinations of alleles
d. homologous chromosomes sort independently with gametes receiving all possible combination of alleles

the earth is thought to have been formed about 4.6 billion years ago by collisions from a cloud of hydrogen, helium, rock, ice and other materials. these were pulled together by gravity to form objects in and around earth like- asteroids and small early planets called planetesimals.

so, the best possible answer to this question will be option d- to harden materials to form different parts of earth’s layers