g why did you digest the plasmid with XhoI? What is your expectation if the plasmid is a closed vector without an insert? What is your expectation if your plasmid has an insert (how many bands, what are their sizes)?

I digest the plasmid with Xholin so as to find out the total size of the plasmid after insertion of the gene of interest and whether or not the insert went into the vector. Ao the plasmid is a reclosed vector without an put we expect to see one band. However, if the plasmid has an insert, we expect to see two bands on the gel

a neutral ph of 7 and normal organism temperature is needed for a certain enzyme to be effective.  

what would happen to the enzyme if the ph and/or temperature fluctuate greatly from the norm?  

a.the enzyme’s hydrogen bonds will break.  

b.the activation energy will increase.  

c.more product will be formed.

d.the ideal temperature and ph for the enzyme function will decrease.  

answer:

the water molecules are transferred from the roots to the stem or top parts of the tall tree because of important properties of water which are adhesion, cohesion and capillary action. cohesion is the property of water molecules keeps water molecules in a combined state by sharing of bonds between them at the atomic level. adhesion allows the interaction of water molecules with other substances or substrate. adhesion will cause the attachment of water molecules to the wall of the vessel (xylem) of the plant. capillary action occurs when the adhesive force to the vessel wall is stronger than the cohesive force between water molecules. capillary action mimics the transfer of water from a tube or pipe. in this way water utilizes its property to transfer water from down to top level of the plant.