4: Units of inheritance known as genes exist in pairs. a) TRUE
b) FALSE
5: A tall plant (AA) is crossed with a short plant (aa). The offspring produced in Fl will be
a) all Tall
b) short
c) y tall and 72 short
d) no of the above
6: The genotypes (or genotypic ratio) of the Fl offspring in 5 will be
a) all Aa (correct)
b) 12 AA, 12 Aa
c) aa
d) none of the above.
7: Alternate forms of genes are called alleles.
a) TRUE
b) FALSE
8: Phenotypes are
a) physical characteristics determined by genes
b) genes
c) genetic characteristics
d) alleles
9: The inheritance law known as the Law of segregation was postulated by
a) Mendel
b) Aristotle
c) Morgan
d) Darwin
10: Heterozygous organisms carry one dominant and one recessive allele

4. a

5. a

6. a

7. a

8. a

9. a

10. True

Explanation:

4. Units of inheritance in living organisms are known as genes. These genes exist in pairs in all organisms and a copy of each gene is passed down to the offspring during reproduction.

Correct option: a

5. Assuming the dominance of allele A over allele a:

                AA    x    aa

          Aa    Aa    Aa    Aa

All the offspring will appear tall since the effects of allele a is masked by allele A.

Correct option: a

6. From the cross in (5) above, the genotypic ratio of the offspring is 100% Aa.

Correct option: a

7. Alternate forms of genes in living organisms are known as alleles. A copy of the alleles is usually passed down to the offspring during the process of reproduction.

Correct option: a

8. Phenotypes are the physical appearance of organisms. They are physical interpretation of genes.

Correct option: a

9. The law of segregation was postulated by Gregor Mendel. It states that gene pairs segregate during the process of meiosis and then randomly unite during the process of fertilization.

Correct option: a

10 Heterozygous organisms have two different alleles for the same genes. For genes that obey Mendelian laws, heterozygous condition is characterized by one dominant and one recessive alleles.

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