What happens when carbon dioxide is passed over lime water? What happens when excess carbon dioxide is passed over lime water? Explain in 2-3 statements and write two balanced chemical equations.

in 1 it forms insoluble CaCo3 which is white in excess it forms soluble calcium hydrogen carbonate which is colourless

1:Ca(OH)2{aq}+CO2{g} - CaCO3{s}+H2O{l}

2:CaCO3{s}+H2O{l}+CO2{g} - Ca(HCO3)2{aq}

the last one: artificial selection/genetic engineering

plant breeding is modifying the genetic composition of the plant - but this isn't cloning (which is specifically introducing a gene into a genome). but you are artificially selecting for the phenotype that you want.

the second one is literally genetic engineering - the gene would have been cloned first and then inserted or genetically engineered into the new plant cell (the cotton).