Mycorrhizal fungi are

a. mutualistic root-dwelling fungi that plants obtain more water and nutrients.
b. mutualistic leaf-dwelling fungi that obtain sugar from plant leaves
c. parasitic leaf-dwelling fungi that strangle plants
d. epiphytic plants living on plant stems and leaves

With the description of the different cell walls, membranes, and associated proteins set in the students' minds, you now need to introduce them to the idea that the cell wall can also act as a foundation to build things upon. bacterial appendages require a strong foundation that will offer the support needed to move and function in a dynamic world. for example, flagella are long, whiplike protein structures that are used by many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria for locomotion. in order to function effectively, a flagellum must be firmly anchored to the cell wall. how will you be able to get across the idea that the peptidoglycan cell wall is strong enough to support such a mechanism? with a protein rod that passes through the cell wall and protein rings used to anchor it in the membranes, these basal bodies are the rudimentary biological motors that use atp power to spin the hook and the flagella attached to it. bacterial flagella have a biological motor that spins within the cell wall and is powered by atp. this allows the flagella to spin in a whiplike motion to propel the bacterium.

An ecologist is studying the effects that a population of predators is having on a population of a prey. he used data from the field to produce this graph. which conclusion can draw from the graph?

The embryos of a bird, a reptile, and a mammal are similar in appearance. how does comparing the physical appearance of embryos of different species support the theory of evolution? a. it shows that these organisms share a common ancestor. b. it provides evidence that these organisms eat the same foods.c. it shows that these organisms share the same habitat.d. it provides evidence that these organisms suffered a genetic mutation.