The stained gram-positive bacteria appear under the microscope.

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Which is an advantage of having memory cells when a pathogen is encountered for a second time. a) the memory cells are what proliferate into clones of cells in response to the binding of an antigen. b) memory cells are vital to the primary immune response in that they immediately recognize pathogens even at the first encounter. c) memory cells are essentially effector cells that are short lived and attack antigens even without having a receptor specific to that antigen. d) it ensures that more lymphocytes with a receptor specific to a particular antigen will be present than in a host that had never encountered that pathogen.

If a baby girl guinea pig looks almost identical to its mother, does this then mean that it inherited more alleles from its mother? explain. (hint: think about the vocabulary words dominant and recessive.)

Based on the topographic map of mt. st. helens, what is the contour interval of the volcano about height is 2,950 m?