Vestigial structures, such as hip bones in whales and appendixes
in humans, are those that have little or no function for the
organism. What is the most likely reason for this loss of function
over time?
The organism is undergoing speciation.
The organism is experiencing genetic drift.
The structure was over utilized by the organism.
The structure was not highly beneficial to the organism.

How does the study of genetic disorders such as pku biologists understand normal alleles?

Four different thermometers were used to measure the temperature of a sample of pure boiling water. the measurements are recorded in the table below. thermometer temperature reading 1 temperature reading 2 temperature reading 3 w 100.1°c 99.9°c 96.9°c x 100.4°c 102.3°c 101.4°c y 90.0°c 95.2°c 98.6°c z 90.8°c 90.6°c 90.7°c the actual boiling point of pure water is 100.0°c. what can be concluded from the data about the reliability and validity of the thermometers?

Aheterozygous normal male marries a woman with a sickle cell anemia. give the genotypes and possible phenotypes of the offspring