The so-called hypervariable regions (HVi. and HV2) of the human mitochondrial genome are sometimes used in forensic analysis. They are two noncoding regions of the mitochondrial genome, each approximately 300 bp, that flank the origin of replication; the function of these DNA sequences is not well understood. However, these two regions of mtDNA show the most variation (SNPs and InDels) among different people. The DNA within HVi. and HV2 accumulates mutations at ten times the rate of DNA sequences in the nuclear genome. a. Under what circumstances would human mtDNA be preferable over nuclear DNA for identifying individuals? b. What are the disadvantages of using mtDNA, relative to nuclear DNA, in order to identify individuals?

We can be sure that a mole of table sugar and a mole of vitamin c are equal in their 1) mass in daltons. 2) mass in grams. 3) number of molecules. 4) number of atoms. 5) volume.

Blank is a rock with a find dark texture that makes up the oceanic crust

You will create a molecular clock model for an arthropod gene. follow these guidelines to make your model: . your timeline will span from 90 million years ago to the present. the common ancestor in your model is an arthropod that lived 90 million years ago. the gene that you'll track codes for a protein in the species venom . the dna sequence youll track contains 10 nitrogen bases. you can choose the order of the bases and where the mutations occur. this gene mutates at a rate of approximately 0.76 base pairs every 17.1 million years. to build your model,/ calculate the estimated time period it takes for 1 base pair to mutate. the first time period will only show the common ancestor. at the beginning of the second time period, three lineages will diverge from the common ancestor, each with a different mutation in their gene sequences. the first and third descendant species will survive for the rest of the timeline. the second descendant species was extinct 50 million years ago. calculate how long it will take for one full base pair mutation to occur. explain your reasoning by constructing a mathematical equation