Which of the following correctly defines translation?

the making of a polypeptide with a specified order of amino acids using a DNA molecule to provide the sequence information

the making of a polypeptide with a specified order of amino acids using an RNA molecule to provide the sequence information

the making of an RNA molecule from a DNA strand by pairing of bases of RNA nucleotides with the complementary bases in DNA

the making of a new DNA molecule by pairing of bases of DNA nucleotides with complementary bases in an existing DNA molecule

the making of a polypeptide with a specified order of amino acids using an RNA molecule to provide the sequence information

Explanation:

Translation is the second process of gene expression. Translation, which occurs in the ribosome, is the use of the information in the mRNA molecule to synthesize an amino acid sequence (future protein).

Translation starts when a type of RNA molecule called transfer RNA (tRNA) binds to the mRNA transcript (produced during transcription). The tRNA, using its complementary anticodon, then begins to read the nucleotide sequence in the mRNA molecule in a group of three nucleotides called CODON. Each codon specifies a particular amino acid. This means that one codon read by the tRNA means one amino acid will be carried and added to the growing polypeptide chain by the tRNA.

The order of the sequence in the mRNA molecule determines the order of the amino acid sequence in the polypeptide.

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