You collect a sediment core on an expedition to the Aegean Sea. In this area, the background sedimentation rate is known to be between 0.01 cm per year. You also know that about 3600 years ago, the Santorini volcanic eruption dumped 1 meter of ash on the seafloor. The top of this ash layer is noticeable in the core about 36 cm down from top (seafloor surface). When processing the core, you see a funny signal in the 18O/16O ratio around 2 meters down the core.
Use the information above to estimate about how long ago the process that caused the funny signal occurred?

With the description of the different cell walls, membranes, and associated proteins set in the students' minds, you now need to introduce them to the idea that the cell wall can also act as a foundation to build things upon. bacterial appendages require a strong foundation that will offer the support needed to move and function in a dynamic world. for example, flagella are long, whiplike protein structures that are used by many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria for locomotion. in order to function effectively, a flagellum must be firmly anchored to the cell wall. how will you be able to get across the idea that the peptidoglycan cell wall is strong enough to support such a mechanism? with a protein rod that passes through the cell wall and protein rings used to anchor it in the membranes, these basal bodies are the rudimentary biological motors that use atp power to spin the hook and the flagella attached to it. bacterial flagella have a biological motor that spins within the cell wall and is powered by atp. this allows the flagella to spin in a whiplike motion to propel the bacterium.

Why would a drug the damages capsids treat a viral infection

Lola needs to sign 6 invitations. using stopwatch that measures time to tenths of a second, it takes lola 5.3 seconds to sign her full name. going by the accuracy of the stopwatch, which is the most accurate determination for the number of minutes lola needs to sign all 96 invitations