Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, but unlike other glycolytic reactions, it does not require energy investment from ATP. This reaction occurs in two stages: oxidation/reduction and phosphorylation.

Why is the oxidation/reduction reaction necessary to make phosphorylation favorable?

A. The oxidation/reduction reaction is necessary to oxidize phosphate, allowing addition to the substrate. B. The oxidation/reduction reaction is necessary to form an intermediate with a large free energy of hydrolysis. C. The oxidation/reduction reaction is necessary to produce NADH, which is required for ATP synthesis. D. The oxidation/reduction reaction is for the substrate to bind to the enzyme.

B. The oxidation/reduction reaction is necessary to form an intermediate with a large free energy of hydrolysis

Explanation:

An oxidation-reduction reaction is catalyzed by glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, oxidation of aldehyde to a carboxylic acid by NAD + and the joining of 3-phosphophoglycerate a carboxylic acid and orthophosphate to form the acyl-phosphate 1,3-biphosphoglycerate. This is done together so that aldehyde oxidation can be used to drive the formation of acyl phosphate. Energy that is released in the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 3-phosphoglycerate is trapped temporarily as 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate the energy aids the transfer of phosphoryl group from 1,3-phosphoglycerate to ADP to yield ATP.

the oxygenated blood then leaves the lungs through pulmonary veins, which return it to the left heart, completing the pulmonary cycle. this blood then enters the left atrium, which pumps it through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. from the left ventricle, the blood passes through the aortic valve to the aorta.

deoxygenated blood leaves through the right ventricle through the pulmonary artery. from the right atrium, the blood is pumped through the tricuspid valve (or right atrioventricular valve), into the right ventricle.