A scientist, using a telescope, sees arcs of light around a galaxy. In 3–5 sentences, explain the cause of the arcs of light.

Gravitational lensing

Explanation: The arc that was seen around the galaxy by the scientist was caused by gravitational lensing; this is when a light dip and curves in the presence of huge objects.

Gravitational lensing can be simply refered to as a phenomenon where a gravitational field is created by a huge matter (cluster of galaxies) in space which distort and magnifies the lights coming from another huge matter (cluster of galaxies) from a distance but on thesame line of sight. (causing a formation of arcs of light around the huge object).

answer: ice crystals in air

the water from the water body or another source of water gets evaporated as water vapor as an effect of heat on water. these water vapor rises in the upper layers of the earth atmosphere under high atmospheric pressure. the atmospheric pressure of these water molecules starts to decrease due to the effect of cold air. the invisible water vapor condenses into visible water droplets and ice crystals.these ice crystals and water droplets being less denser than the surrounding air floats on air as clouds.