The ozone layer of the Earth has been depleted to an extent by the human release of certain chemicals.
What type of mutation, caused by the induction of thymine dimer formation, is more likely to occur in organisms on Earth as a result of this problem?

A) frameshift mutation
B) nonsense mutation
C) silent mutation
D) missense mutation

You will create a molecular clock model for an arthropod gene. follow these guidelines to make your model: . your timeline will span from 90 million years ago to the present. the common ancestor in your model is an arthropod that lived 90 million years ago. the gene that you'll track codes for a protein in the species venom . the dna sequence youll track contains 10 nitrogen bases. you can choose the order of the bases and where the mutations occur. this gene mutates at a rate of approximately 0.76 base pairs every 17.1 million years. to build your model,/ calculate the estimated time period it takes for 1 base pair to mutate. the first time period will only show the common ancestor. at the beginning of the second time period, three lineages will diverge from the common ancestor, each with a different mutation in their gene sequences. the first and third descendant species will survive for the rest of the timeline. the second descendant species was extinct 50 million years ago. calculate how long it will take for one full base pair mutation to occur. explain your reasoning by constructing a mathematical equation

How did the club fungi get its name? a. it is named for the club-shaped seeds it produces. b. it is named for the way individual species grow together in small groups called “clubs.” c. it is named for the club-shaped area where it produces spores. d. it is named for the club-like mechanism it uses to kill its prey.

What are the subsystem of the earth