A DNA molecule contains FIFTY base pairs of nucleotides. Thirty of the nucleotides are paired with adenine. How many of the nucleotides are paired with guanine? *

A. 20
B. 50
C. 40
D. 30

A. 20

Explanation:

A DNA molecule consists of two long polynucleotide chains made up of four types of nucleotides viz: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine. Each chain is called STRAND. The complementary base pairing rule proposed by Chargaff states that, in a DNA molecule, Adenine nucleotide will always hydrogen bond to Thymine nucleotide i.e. A-T while Cytosine nucleotide will always hydrogen bond to Guanine nucleotide i.e. G-C.

According to Chargaff, the amount of each base is equal to the amount of its complementary pair i.e. Adenine=Thymine and Guanine=Cytosine. Based on this, if 30 of the 50 nucleotides are paired with adenine, this means that Thymine nucleotides are 30 in the DNA molecule.

However, the remaining 20 (50-30) nucleotide pairs will contain a pairing of Guanine to Cytosine. This means 20 of the Cytosine nucleotides will be paired with Guanine.

the most common energy conversion is from kinetic energy to potential energy, and then from potential energy to kinetic energy.

later on comes the heat energy, mechanical energy, and other energy conversions.

this energy conversion is so common that we can find it in our day to day lives as well.

- one of the most common energy conversions involves the changing of potential energy to kinetic energy or kinetic energy to potential energy

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