Which of the following is characteristic of antibodies? Group of answer choices composed of heavy and light polypeptide chains three binding sites per antibody monomer incapable of being transferred from one person to another carbohydrate structure

Composed of heavy and light polypeptide chains.

Explanation:

Antibodies are generated by the immune system mostly by the plasma cells in acknowledgment of the existence of any foreign substance, known as an antigen via the fragment antigen-binding (Fab) variable region.

Antibodies are Y-shaped in a structure that contains 4 polypeptides 2 heavy chains and 2 light chains. This structure of antibody helps to reach their dual functions one is antigen binding and another is biological activity mediation.

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.